NARMER
Horus Name Narmer, "Catfish"
Alternate Names possibly the semi-mythical "Menes", although many believe that his son, Horus Aha, was Menes.
Chief Wife Neit-Hotep
Buried in Abydos, B17-B18. This is a large mastaba of two joined chambers. B18 collapsed and was rebuilt. Nearby is his wife's mastaba (much larger than his!) and that or Horus Aha.
In the first years of the 1900s his tomb was excavated by the famous English egyptologist Flinders Petrie at the cemetery in Abydos, the oldest royal burial ground known in Egypt. In the 1990s the site was excavated again by German Egyptologists, and another tablet depicting Narmer was found. He could well have been named Nar-bedjau or something similar
MENES;
Horus Name Aha, "Horus the Fighter"
Nomen Mn, Menes, "Established"
Manetho Athothis
King Lists Teti, iti
Alternate Names Hor-Aha, Hor Aha, Horus Aha, Athothis I
Women mentioned as his wives; Bernerib, "Sweet of Heart" , Hent
Djer is thought to be of Hent. (We know this is wrong because Neith-hotep was Menes' wife and Narmer is Menes-Riven)
Buried in Abydos in 3 brick-lined chambers roofed with wood. It was originally thought to be three separate tombs, but recent excavations have shown it to be a single tomb. Nearby, 33 subsidiary burials contain young men and "seven young lions". The tomb is about 11 x 9 meters, with walls that are 1.5 - 2m thick. (The 7 young lions could mean 7 sons or children for Menes-Riven)
Aha also has a tomb at Saqqara, (No 3357) that is the first known tomb with a boat buried beside it.
DJER
Horus Name Hr Dr, Djer , "Horus who Succours"
Praenomen Djer
Nomen Itit
Manetho Kenkenes, Cencenes
King Lists Iti, Ateth, not listed in Turin
Alternate Names Horus Djer, Athothis II
Predecessor father Horus Aha, Menes
Successor son Djet (Uadj) or daughter/consort Merneith
Associated People Father Horus Aha/Menes
Mother Hent
Wife/Daughter Merneith
Son Djet, out of Merneith
Large tomb in Abydos (Tomb O), Umm el Ga'ab. The tomb was originally believed to hold the remains of Osiris and was the focus of pilgrimages. The tomb was excavated by Emile Amelineau in 1895.
The tombs were completely re-excavated by Petrie in 1900 and found many things that Amelineau had overlooked or discarded.
MERENEITH (most likely Menes' wife known as Neith-hotep - Riven)
Nomen Merneith, "Beloved by Neith"
Predecessor possibly husband Djet
Successor Son Den
Associated People Father/husband Djer (possible she was Djet's wife and Djer's daughter)
Son Den
Brother/husband Djet
Burial Place Tomb in Saqqara (3507)
Tomb in Abydos (Tomb Y) found by Petrie,
DJET
Horus Name Horus Djet, "Horus the Snake" or "Horus Cobra"
Nebty Name Iterti
Manetho Uenephes, Vavenephis, Wenefes
King Lists Itiu, Itiui, Ata, iti
Alternate Names "Snake", Wadj, Wadji, Athothis III, Wedjet, Uadi
Predecessor father Djer or sister Merneith
Successor son Den, out of Merneith
Associated People Father Djer
Sister/Wife Merneith
Son Den
Tomb Z in Abydos, just west of Djer's tomb. The tomb is quite small -- 9.3 x 11.9 x. .8 m, and may have been intentionally burned, as only charred remnants of what may have been a wooden floor remain. There are 174 subsidiary burials nearby.
A huge mastaba in Saqqara is associated with Djet, and decorated with 400 bulls heads and genuine horns around the walls. This may be for a highly placed retainer to the king, not to the king himself.
DEN
Horus Name Den, "Horus who Hits", "Horus who Strikes"
Nebty Name Nebti Khasti, Nebti Chasti, "Nebti, the one of the desert"
Golden Horus Name unknown
Praenomen unknown
Nomen Udimu
Manetho Hesepti, Usaphiados, Suaphais, Usafais
King Lists Semti, Septi , Hesepto
Alternate Names Horus-Den, Dewen, Oudimou
Predecessor Father Djet
Successor Anedjib
Regent Mother Merneith
Associated People Father Djet
Mother Merneith
Chancellor Hemaka
Burial Place Tomb T in Abydos, including 136 subsidiary burials. There is a stairway in the burial chamber, in two sections separated by a wooden door -- the first time stairs are included in a burial. The tomb is surrounded by a brick wall.
Den is the first king to adopt a "Nebti", or "Two Ladies" name and the first to be represented by the double crown -- the white crown of upper egypt and the red crown of lower egypt.
He also is credited with the first census of Egypt, counting "all people of the north, west, and east" to determine taxes.
An enormous surge in building occurred during his reign -- nearly 30 mastabas in Saqqara and Abu Rowash were built by his officials, far more than during the reigns of his predecessors. It signals a prosperous rule and strong administration.
ANENDJIB
Horus Name Anedjib, "Safe of Heart"
Nebty Name Nebti Mer...
Manetho Meibidos, Neibais
King Lists Merbap, Merbapen, Meribiap
Alternate Names Adjib, Horus-Anedjib
Predecessor Father Den
Successor Son Semerkhet (may have usurped)
Regent with Den
Associated People Father Den
Queen Betrest
Son Semerkhet, out of Betrest
Prime Minister/Chancellor Nebitka
Tomb X in Abydos, a very small tomb with a burial chamber of wood and 64 subsidiary burials.
began to call himself "The Two Lords", probably in an attempt to underline that he was ruler over the entirety of Egypt even though the peoples of Egypt were divided by their worship of the gods Horus and Set.
SEMERKHET
Horus Name Semerkhet, "Thoughtful Friend", or "Companion of the Gods"
Nebty Name "The one who guards"
Manetho Semempses, Mempses
King Lists Semsem, Hu
Alternate Names Semerchet, Horus-Semerkhet
Predecessor Anedjib. May have usurped the throne and destroyed the name of Anedjib.
Successor Qa'a (possibly his son)
QA'A
Horus Name Qa'a "Extended of Arm"
Nebty Name Sen-Nebti, "Brother of the Two Ladies"
Manetho Beineches, Ubienthes, Vibenthis
King Lists Qebeh, Qebehu, Qheb
Alternate Names Horus-Qaa, Kaa
Predecessor Semerkhet (possibly father)
Successor Hetepsekhemwy, or Sneferka
Associated People Father Semerkhet or Anedjib
Officials Merka and Sabef
Burial Place Tomb Q in Abydos, with two funerary stelae and 26 subsidiary burials
Associated People Father Anedjib
Mother Queen Betrest
Son Qa'a
Prime Minister Henuka
The tomb has two funerary stelae with the name of the king on them. Inside the tomb, the name of Hetepsekhemwy, the next king and founder of the second dynasty, were found. most likely, he completed the tomb after Qa'a's death. We have no explanation why we moved from Dynasty I to Dynasty II. The unified Egypt created by Menes had begun to break down with the rule of Anedjib and the division continued into the reign of Qa'a, perhaps that is what made Manetho separate them.
Hetepsekhemwy
Horus Name "The Two Powers are Satisfied"
Nebty Name "The Two Ladies are Satisfied"
Golden Horus Name unknown
Praenomen Hetepsekhemwy "The Two Might Ones are at Rest"
Nomen Bedjatau
Manetho Boethos, Bochos, Bochus
King Lists Bedjataw, Bedjaw, Baw-netjer, Neter-Bau
Alternate Names Hetesekhemwi, Hetepsekhemoui, Hotepsekhemoui, Hetepsechemwi
Predecessor Father Qa'a
Successor Reneb (son or brother)
Associated People Father Qa'a
Brother or son Reneb
Burial Place Saqqara, in Gallery-B tomb, beneath a ramp leading to the funerary chamber of Unas.
His name means "The two Mighty Ones are at Ease" and is though to refer to the ongoing rivalry between the followers of Seth and the followers of Horus that had divided Egypt politically and socially for years. It is supposed that the struggle was over, or at least better than in previous reigns. Of course, there were other problems: an earthquake occurred near Bubastis in the delta, and his brother may have started a military coup to overthrow him.
RANEB
Horus Name Nebre "The Lord of the Sun" , "Re is the Lord"
Nebty Name unknown
Golden Horus Name unknown
Praenomen unknown
Nomen Kakaw, Kakau
Manetho Kaiechos, Kaichoos, Choos, Chechous
King Lists Kawkaw, Kaukau
Alternate Names Horus-Nebre, Reneb, Horus-Reneb, Raneb
Predecessor Hetepsekhemwy, father or brother
Successor Ninetjer
Reneb is assumed to have overthrown his predecessor, Hetepsekhemwy in a military coup. Hetepsekhemwy is either his father or his brother, we do not know.
Very little is known about him, but his name has caused some arguments. He is one of the first kings to incorporate the sun god's name, Re, into his own name, a tradition that will be followed by most of the pharaohs in Egypt. His name, Nebre (or Reneb) is taken to mean either "Re is my Lord{" or "The Lord of the Sun" and in either case he started the shift to the worship of Re, the sun god even though he worshipped Mendes himself. he started a number of cults to different gods, including worship of Mendes, Menvis, and a cult to the sacred goat in the delta.
Source article / website;
http://www.phouka.com/tr/egypt/index.htmlAssociated People Father, or brother Hetepsekhemwy
Formatted Article; Paulo Riven Tribes of Atlantis